Space Project

Art 105: 2-Dimensional Design  

Professor: Kyle Stevenson

Project 3: SPACE (Elements used to indicate three dimensions and to create the illusion of intuitive space.)

MATERIALS

Graphite Pencils Pack of 4 Graphic or Soft Sketching Pencils (HB, 2B, 4B, 6B)

Black Pens 1 Micron .04 pen, 1 Fine Point Sharpie + 1 two-sided (Fine/Broad) PrismaColor Marker

Metal Ruler: 18” or 24”

Design Ebony Drawing Pencils Pack of 2         

French curve with inking edge 10 ½ inking edge

Metal Ruler: 18” or 24”

Circle templates with large and small circles up to 2” in diameter

T-square or triangle with 12” inking edge

Pad of Bristol Paper 14” x 17” pad

INSTRUCTIONS

You are to create six 4” x 5” sketch designs and one 8” x 10” final design on Bristol paper displaying different elements of three-dimensional (3-D) illusory space.  You are required to choose from the listed elements below to make your designs. You must strictly follow the directions and specific limitations for each design problem.

To receive your grade, you will turn in 2 sheets of 14x17” Bristol Paper. The first sheet of Bristol will contain the six small 4” x 5” sketches in graphite pencil or pen and ink (dark enough to see in critique), and the second and final sheet of Bristol will contain one 8” x 10” design that is executed in black pen (using a range of fine-point and thick markers and mark-making techniques).  Remember that following directions and craftsmanship are important parts of your final grade so make sure to lightly draw and sketch in your final design before inking it in.

Shapes you will be using for your designs

• Circle or Ellipse
• Quadrangle/Quadrilateral Shape with 4 sides  (i.e. square)
• Star (can have as many points as you want)
• Triangle (Shape with 3 sides)

Mark-making you will be using for your designs

• Outlines- lines existing on the contours and the outer edges of a shape
• Hatching and/or Cross-Hatching- an accumulation of parallel lines used in layers and at different angles to create an accumulation of value
• Stipple- small dots used in various amounts and proximity to create an accumulation of value
• Solid Color- the shape is entirely filled in by the color- Black in this assignment

See reverse …

You are to follow the directions in each of the 6 (4” x 5” inch) design problems below.  Try you best to understand and illustrate 3-D Illusory space in each problem. The final design will be 8” x 10” inches and in pen and ink, centered on a sheet of Bristol.

1. Overlapping- shapes intersect one another where you position shapes clearly in front of the others.

directions: use 2 shapes multiple times to create your design. The 2 shapes must stay their original size throughout your design
mark-making: use outlines only- no value.
 

2. Scale and Size cues- use a change in size between shapes.

directions: use 2 shapes multiple times in a variety of sizes in this design. Do not allow shapes to intersect- no overlapping.
mark-making: use solid colors or hatching only- no outlines
 

3. Diminution of value (aerial perspective): shapes diminish in value and get lighter as they recede into space.
   Texture (surface): the surface appearance be different between shapes

directions: use 2 shapes multiple times in a variety of sizes in this design. Do not allow shapes to intersect- no overlapping.
mark-making: use solid colors, hatching or stippling- no outlines

4. Transparency: shapes are seen clearly through nearer or overlapping shapes.  The forms overlap but both forms are visible in their entirety.

directions: use 1 shape (different sizes) multiple times
mark-making: use hatching, cross-hatching, stippling, outlines or solid colors.

5. Foreshortened Angles: create shapes at an angle so that they seem to be receding into space (i.e. circles as ellipses, or squares as trapezoids)
   and
   Interpenetration: position planes, objects, or shapes where they seem to slice through each other, locking them together.

directions: use 2 shapes (different sizes) multiple times
mark-making: use outlines and solid colors- no hatching or stippling.

6. Perspective (3D), Dimension (with projections) and shadows : through perspective elements (which I will explain- including horizon line and vanishing points) and  repeated form of the shape extend lines to give shapes dimension and add shadows to give the appearance of directional light.

directions: use 2 shapes (different sizes) multiple times
mark-making: use outlines, solid colors, hatching or stippling

7. Final Design (8” x 10” inches) using a Mixture of Methods: mix any of the methods above to create a design with the strongest illusion of deep space.

directions: use many shapes, any size, multiple times
mark-making: use any of the types of mark making